Difference between OPT and CPT

In the world of education and training, there are various acronyms that can be quite confusing for those not familiar with the field. Two such acronyms are OPT and CPT. While they may seem similar, there are significant differences between the two. Understanding these differences is crucial for students, educators, and anyone involved in the process of obtaining a visa or studying abroad.

OPT: Optional Practical Training

OPT, which stands for Optional Practical Training, is a benefit offered to international students in the United States. It allows students to gain practical work experience in their field of study for a period of up to 12 months, following the completion of their academic program. OPT is available to students in F-1 visa status and is designed to provide them with the opportunity to apply their knowledge and skills in a real-world setting.

CPT: Curricular Practical Training

On the other hand, CPT, which stands for Curricular Practical Training, is a type of training that is integral to an international student’s academic program. It is available to students who are in their first academic year and are engaged in a course of study that requires practical training. CPT can be either part-time or full-time and can last for the duration of the academic year.

Differences between OPT and CPT

The primary difference between OPT and CPT lies in their purpose and timing. Here are some key distinctions:

1. Purpose: OPT is designed to provide students with practical work experience after completing their academic program, while CPT is an integral part of the academic program itself.

2. Timing: OPT can be pursued after the completion of the academic program, whereas CPT must be completed during the academic year or semester.

3. Duration: OPT can last up to 12 months, but it can be extended for an additional 17 months if the student is in a STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) field. CPT is typically limited to the duration of the academic program.

4. Eligibility: OPT is available to all international students in F-1 visa status, while CPT is only available to students who are enrolled in a program that requires practical training.

5. Work Authorization: Students participating in OPT must apply for an Employment Authorization Document (EAD) from the United States Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS). In contrast, students participating in CPT do not need to apply for an EAD, as they are already in the U.S. on an F-1 visa.

Understanding the differences between OPT and CPT is essential for international students to make informed decisions about their educational and career paths. By knowing the purpose, timing, duration, eligibility, and work authorization requirements of each, students can maximize their opportunities for practical experience and professional growth.